Odoo leverages the "reservation" concept and a specific quality location (or locations) to manage material review and non-conformance.

Follow our documentation to Process a Receipt in three steps (Input + Quality + Stock):

You can then receive your products to the receiving dock (Input) followed by your quality location (ie: MRB) then later to stock.

As the product(s) move into the warehouse, you will see how the On Hand Quantity (how many do you have) and the Available Quantity (how many are not already reserved for something else) are updated.  While in the Quality location, nothing is available. 

After receiving to the Input (receiving dock) location:

Note that 150 units are on hand but none (0) are available.

After moving them from Input to the Quality location:

Note that 150 units are on hand but none (0) are available. 

After moving SOME of them (the ones that passed inspection) out of the Quality location into Stock:

Note that 150 units are on hand (two locations) but only 147 are available. 

The Product itself will show all 150 on Hand:

When you click through, you will see that only 147 are in Stock and the other 3 are in the Quality or MRB location.  

This works because, for every product move to the Quality location, there is a Push Rule (learn more about Using Routes and Pull/Push Rules via our documentation) that automatically creates a Transfer to return the product to stock. It is this Transfer that reserves the product so it is effectively hidden from other transactions that check inventory levels.

The transfer OUT of the Quality location is placing the reservation to ensure that nothing in the Quality location is "available".  Be sure to add a push rule to each location you wish to act this way - if you need more than one quality location.

The Quality App allows you to create various product specific checks to support photos, measurements and other pass/fail tests with complete documentation of who completed the test and what supporting notes or other documentation were provided. v15 supports custom worksheets made using a drag and drop form designer with the Studio App.

A great video introducing the Quality App at v15 is:

A common customization for Users with the Helpdesk App is to link a ticket to each Transfer so that the current quality work can be managed via a ticket that can be shared with the Vendor to document your conversations and agreement on how to resolve the non-conformance.